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Sawbridgeworth

Coordinates: 51°48′50″N 0°09′00″E / 51.814°N 0.150°E / 51.814; 0.150
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Sawbridgeworth
St Mary the Great, Sawbridgeworth
Sawbridgeworth is located in Hertfordshire
Sawbridgeworth
Sawbridgeworth
Location within Hertfordshire
Population8,458 (2011 Census, parish)[1]
OS grid referenceTL481151
Civil parish
  • Sawbridgeworth
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townSawbridgeworth
Postcode districtCM21
Dialling code01279
PoliceHertfordshire
FireHertfordshire
AmbulanceEast of England
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Hertfordshire
51°48′50″N 0°09′00″E / 51.814°N 0.150°E / 51.814; 0.150

Sawbridgeworth is a town and civil parish in Hertfordshire, England, close to the border with Essex. It is 12 miles (19 km) east of Hertford and 9 miles (14 km) north of Epping. It is the northernmost part of the Greater London Built-up Area.

History

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Prior to the Norman conquest, most of the area was owned by the Anglo-Saxon Angmar the Staller.[citation needed]

The Manor of "Sabrixteworde" (one of the many spellings previously associated with the town) was recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086. After the Battle of Hastings it was granted to Geoffrey de Mandeville I by William the Conqueror. Local notables have included John Leventhorpe, an executor of both King Henry IV and King Henry V's wills, and Anne Boleyn, who was given the Pishiobury/Pishobury estate, located to the south of the town.

A street entrance to Great Hyde Hall (formerly just Hyde Hall), flanked by two lodges along Sawbridgeworth Road
Entrance to Great Hyde Hall; it was known simply as Hyde Hall when it was held by the Jocelyn family in the 16th and 17th centuries
Print of Hyde Hall (1818) by J. P. Neale

The Great Hyde Hall mansion and surrounding land was acquired by Sir Walter Lawrence, the master builder, in the 1920s. In 1934, he instituted the Walter Lawrence Trophy for the fastest century in county cricket.[2] He built a cricket ground and pavilion in the grounds where the great and the good of the cricket world came to play against Sir Walter's home team, which often included his three sons: Jim, Guy and Pat. Sir Walter also had two daughters: Molly and Gipsy. Great Hyde Hall was sold in 1945 and became a school. It is a Grade II* listed building and has now been divided into housing.[3]

Much of the town centre is a conservation area; many of the buildings date from the Tudor, Stuart and Georgian periods.

Great St Mary's Church is a Grade I listed building; "of special interest as a substantially unaltered large medieval parish church, typical of the Hertfordshire type, and with an outstanding collection of memorials of the highest artistic quality".[4] It was built in the 13th century (although a church on the site existed in Saxon times) and includes a Tudor tower containing a clock bell (1664) and eight ringing bells, the oldest of which dates from 1749.[5] It is thought to be called 'Great' St Mary's to distinguish it from St Mary's, Gilston. Ralph Jocelyn of Hyde Hall, who was Lord Mayor of London in 1464 and in 1476, is buried here; images of many of his family and other locals have been engraved on brass, and the church is popular for enthusiasts of brass rubbing. The ghost of Sir John Jocelyn, known for his love of horses, is reputed to appear riding a white horse on the old carriage drive every 1 November.[6]

The town's prosperity came from the maltings, some of which now house antiques centres. Among the maltsters were George Fawbert and John Barnard; in 1839 they set up the Fawbert and Barnard charity to fund local children and their education, funding a local infant school that still exists today.

By the time of the Norman conquest, or soon after, Sawbridgeworth's rich farming land was fully developed for cultivation as was possible with the means available at the time: it was the richest village community in the county. Many important medieval families had estates here. The land was divided among them, into a number of manors or distinct estates; the lord of each manor had rights not only over this land but also over the people who farmed it. The number of manors increased during the Middle Ages, by a process of subinfeudation, that is the granting out of a part of an existing manor to a new owner so that the new manor was created. Many manors sprang from the original Domesday Book holding of the de Mandeville family. The first came to be called Sayesbury manor, from the de Say family who inherited it from the de Mandevilles in 1189. The many important people who held these manors built themselves houses with hunting parks around them; when they died their tombs enriched the parish church, so that today St Mary's has one of the finest collections of church monuments in the country.

During the Second World War RAF Sawbridgeworth, which is not in the civil parish, operated Supermarine Spitfires, Westland Lysanders, North American Mustangs and de Havilland Mosquito, among other types - for a complete history of the airfield, see the book Where the Lysanders were ....., by Paul Doyle, published in 1995 by Forward Airfield Research Publishing.[7] The Walter Lawrence & Son Ltd joinery works, located between the canal and the railway, built over 1,000[citation needed] Mosquito fuselage shells and wing skins for de Havilland during the Second World War.[8] Subsequently, it reverted to making joinery and doors for the building trade. The joinery works was closed in about 1982 and houses were built on the site.

Sawbridgeworth was the birthplace of composer Bernard Rose (1916–1996) and the actor Stephen Greif (1944–2022).

Sawbridgeworth has been twinned with Bry-sur-Marne in France since 1973, and Moosburg an der Isar in Germany since 2018.[9]

Governance

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Parliamentary representation

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Sawbridgeworth is in the parliamentary constituency of Hertford and Stortford. Since the formation of the constituency in 1983, it has elected Conservative Members of Parliament, though the town has been represented by Conservative MPs since 1922, and the town acts as part of a Safe seat. The current MP is Julie Marson, elected in 2019.

Local government

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Sawbridgeworth has three tiers of local government, at parish (town), district, and county level: Sawbridgeworth Town Council, East Hertfordshire District Council, and Hertfordshire County Council. The town council has twelve councillors. The hamlet of Spellbrook is included within the administrative boundaries of the town.

Sawbridgeworth Town Council
Type
Type
Leadership
Reece Smith,
Conservative
since 20 May 2024[10]
Salvatore Pagdades,
Conservative
since 20 May 2024[11]
Christopher Hunt
since 2021
Elections
Last election
2023
Next election
2027
Meeting place
Sawbridgeworth Town Council, Sayesbury Manor Cottages, Bell Street, Sawbridgeworth, CM21 9AN
Website
www.sawbridgeworth-tc.gov.uk

Town mayors

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The role of mayor is largely ceremonial in Sawbridgeworth, and is usually held by a different councillor each year. Full Council meetings are chaired by the Mayor. The Mayors since 2012 have been:

Councillor Party From To Deputy
Barry Hodges Independent May 2012 28 May 2013 Unknown
Angela Alder Independent 28 May 2013 27 May 2014 Andrew Wincott
Eric Buckmaster Conservative 27 May 2014 23 May 2016 Barry Hodges (2014-15), Tom Reeks (2015-16)
David Royle Independent 23 May 2016 22 May 2017 Ruth Buckmaster
Ruth Buckmaster Conservative 22 May 2017 21 May 2018 Angela Alder
Angela Alder Conservative 21 May 2018 13 May 2019 Heather Riches
John Burmicz Conservative 13 May 2019 18 May 2020 David Royle
Annelise Furnace Liberal Democrats 18 May 2020 24 May 2021 Greg Rattey
Greg Rattey Independent 24 May 2021 15 May 2023 Craig Chester (2021-22), Ruth Buckmaster (2022-23)
Ruth Buckmaster Conservative 15 May 2023 20 May 2024 Reece Smith
Reece Smith Conservative 20 May 2024 Incumbent Salvatore Pagdades

Composition

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Following the 2023 Sawbridgeworth Town Council election the composition of the council is as follows:

Party Councillors
Conservative 8
Labour 2
Liberal Democrats 1
Independent 1
Total 12


Sawbridgeworth
Urban District (1901–1974)

Council Offices, The Forebury, Sawbridgeworth
Coat of arms
Population
 • 19012,085
 • 19717,000[12]
History
 • Created1 April 1901
 • Abolished31 March 1974
 • Succeeded byEast Hertfordshire
 • HQSawbridgeworth
Contained within
 • County CouncilHertfordshire

The parish of Sawbridgeworth was in the hundred of Braughing.[13] From 1835 the parish was included in the Bishop's Stortford Poor Law Union.[14] It therefore became part of the Bishop's Stortford Rural Sanitary District in 1872. Under the Local Government Act 1894 elected parish and district councils were created. Sawbridgeworth Parish Council came into office on 31 December 1894, and the parish was included in the Hadham Rural District. Sawbridgeworth was made an urban district on 1 April 1901, making it independent of the Hadham Rural District. It was decided that the whole parish of Sawbridgeworth was not suitable for becoming an urban district, and so the more rural western part of the parish was made a separate parish called High Wych on the same day, which remained in the Hadham Rural District.[15]

Until 1914 Sawbridgeworth Urban District Council met at offices on Bell Street (sometimes called Cock Street).[16][17] In 1914 the council moved to the upper floor of the town's fire station at 5 Church Street, which had been built in 1905. In 1937 the council built itself new offices on The Forebury, holding its first meeting in the new building on 5 July 1937.[18]

Sawbridgeworth Urban District Council was granted a coat of arms on 20 July 1962.[19]

The urban district was abolished under the Local Government Act 1972, becoming part of East Hertfordshire on 1 April 1974. A successor parish (and Sawbridgeworth Town Council) was created for the former urban district.[20] The urban district council's former offices on The Forebury are now used as the town's library, whilst Sawbridgeworth Town Council is based at Sayesbury Manor on Bell Street.[21]

Fire service

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The town has an on-call fire station, in Station Road, with one fire engine. Sawbridgeworth had its own fire brigade from 1897 until it was merged into the National Fire Service in 1941.[22] In 1948 control of the local fire brigade passed to the Hertfordshire Fire Brigade, since renamed the Hertfordshire Fire and Rescue Service, run by Hertfordshire County Council.[23]

Geography

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Sawbridgeworth adjoins the border between Hertfordshire and Essex. The village of Lower Sheering is across the county boundary into Essex, and adjoins Sawbridgeworth along its eastern edge, east of the railway station and of the River Stort. It has a Sawbridgeworth postal address, but is in the Epping Forest District of Essex.

Geology

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Underlying the town at some depth is the London Clay stratum, with a thick layer of Boulder clay laid down during the ice ages, including the Anglian. The soil on top of this is a loam, with glacial erratics of Hertfordshire puddingstone conglomerate found around the town.

Education

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Sawbridgeworth has a secondary school, the Leventhorpe Academy, which also offers a public swimming pool and leisure centre. There is are also two primary schools and one infant school in Sawbridgeworth.

Media

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Sawbridgeworth is within the BBC London and ITV London region. Television signals are received from the Crystal Palace TV transmitter,[24] BBC East and ITV Anglia can also be received from the Sandy Heath transmitter.[25]

Local radio stations are BBC Three Counties Radio, Heart Hertfordshire and East Herts Radio, a community-based station.[26]

The town is served by the local newspapers, Bishop's Stortford Independent and Hertfordshire Mercury.[27][28]

Sport

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Sawbridgeworth Town FC, a non-league football club, was established in 1897. The Men's 1st Team currently play in the Spartan South Midlands League, step five of the English non-league system. Home matches are played at Crofters End, Sawbridgeworth.

Sawbridgeworth Cricket Club field three senior sides on a Saturday and seven colts sides, from ages nine to fifteen. The 1st XI plays in the Hertfordshire Cricket League. The main ground is Town Fields, situated behind Bell Street. The second ground is at Leventhorpe Academy.

Sawbridgeworth has tennis and bowls clubs.

Local groups

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Sawbridgeworth is home to 309 Squadron of the Air Training Corps.[29] Additionally, the 1st Sawbridgeworth Scout Group, which was established in 1908, is located in the town.

Transport

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The A1184 road runs through the town. The River Stort Navigation flows north–south along the eastern edge of the town, parallel to the railway, and past the Maltings.

The town is served by Sawbridgeworth railway station, located on the West Anglia Main Line between London Liverpool Street and Cambridge. The station and all trains serving it are operated by Greater Anglia.

There are bus services to Harlow, Bishops Stortford, and Stansted Airport, operated by Arriva Herts & Essex.

See also

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Nearby villages

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Notable people

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References

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  1. ^ "Sawbridgeworth Parish". NOMIS. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 26 December 2021.
  2. ^ "Walter Lawrence Trophy History". Retrieved 22 November 2017.
  3. ^ Historic England. "Great Hyde Hall (Grade II*) (1347838)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  4. ^ Historic England. "Parish Church of Great St Mary's, Sawbridgeworth (Grade I) (1101668)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  5. ^ Sawbridgeworth Church bells
  6. ^ Ash, Russell (1973). Folklore, Myths and Legends of Britain. Reader's Digest Association Limited. p. 278. ISBN 9780340165973.
  7. ^ "RAF Sawbridgeworth". Archived from the original on 14 May 2008. Retrieved 2 March 2010.
  8. ^ "De Havilland Aircraft: DH 98 Mosquito: Suppliers". Grace's Guide. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
  9. ^ "Moosburg".
  10. ^ "Year of fun in store as Reece Smith takes on role of Sawbridgeworth town mayor". Bishop’s Stortford Independent. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
  11. ^ "Year of fun in store as Reece Smith takes on role of Sawbridgeworth town mayor". Bishop’s Stortford Independent. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
  12. ^ "Sawbridgeworth Urban District, A Vision of Britain through Time". GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth. Retrieved 26 December 2021.
  13. ^ "Sawbridgeworth Ancient Parish / Civil Parish". A Vision of Britain through Time. GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth. Retrieved 26 December 2021.
  14. ^ Higginbotham, Peter. "Bishop's Stortford Poor Law Union". The Workhouse. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
  15. ^ Annual Report of the Local Government Board. London: His Majesty's Stationery Office. 1901. p. 344. Retrieved 26 December 2021.
  16. ^ Kelly's Directory of Hertfordshire. London. 1902. p. 196. Retrieved 25 December 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  17. ^ Kelly's Directory of Hertfordshire. London. 1914. p. 235. Retrieved 25 December 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  18. ^ "Sawbridgeworth Urban District Council: First meeting in new offices". Herts and Essex Observer. Bishop's Stortford. 10 July 1937. p. 3. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
  19. ^ "Sawbridgeworth Town Council". Civic Heraldry. Retrieved 26 December 2021.
  20. ^ The Local Government (Successor Parishes) Order. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. 1973. Retrieved 26 December 2021.
  21. ^ "Contact us". Sawbridgeworth Town Council. Retrieved 26 December 2021.
  22. ^ "Sawbridgeworth Fire Brigade". Retrieved 26 December 2021.
  23. ^ "Sawbridgeworth Fire Station". Hertfordshire Fire and Rescue. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
  24. ^ "Full Freeview on the Crystal Palace (Greater London, England) transmitter". UK Free TV. 1 May 2004. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  25. ^ "Full Freeview on the Sandy Heath (Central Bedfordshire, England) transmitter". UK Free TV. 1 May 2004. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  26. ^ "East Herts Radio". Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  27. ^ "Sawbridgeworth News - Bishop's Stortford Independent". Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  28. ^ "Hertfordshire Mercury". British Papers. 13 April 2014. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  29. ^ "309 (Sawbridgeworth) Squadron, Air Training Corps (ATC) - ATC (Air Cadets) Squadron Finder".
  30. ^ Stuart, Julia (31 July 2001). "Beckingham Palace, our lovely home". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 28 December 2007. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
  31. ^ Hill, Patrick (15 March 2014). "Inside 'Beckingham Palace': David and Victoria's mansion bought by insurance tycoon for £11.3million". Daily Mirror. UK. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
  32. ^ "Christine's Garden". Great British Life. 25 May 2011. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
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